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• Chain Core, created by chain.com, has initially been designed for financial service institutions, and for things like securities, bonds, and currencies. Their company has strong ties with Visa, Citigroup, and Nasdaq.

• The Corda distributed ledger platform is designed to record, manage, and automate legal agreements between businesses. It was created by the R3 company, which is a consortium of over a hundred global financial institutions.

• Quorum is a permissioned implementation of Ethereum, which supports data privacy. Quorum achieves this data privacy through allowing data visibility on need-to-know basis by a voting-based consensus algorithm. Interestingly, Quorum was created and open sourced by JPMorgan.

• The cryptocurrency IOTA has been around since 2015. According to Martin Rosulek, "It is the first cryptocurrency that provides the whole ecosystem based on blockless blockchain" to enable machine-to-machine (M2M) transactions.IOTA, however, is more than just a cryptocurrency. Essentially, the platform entails a generalization of the blockchain protocol (the technology called Tangle) that sits at the backend of the IOTA platform. Instead of paying miners to validate the transactions, the architecture of the network involves peer-based validation. We can think of a simple analogy, that of a teacher grading students' homework: the students are the clients/users in the Bitcoin protocol, and the teacher is the miner/validator. Tangle technology asks students (users) to grade each other's homework, making the need for a teacher (external validator) redundant, and avoiding expenses related to the teacher's/validator's work. This allows the platform to be completely free of cost, without facing the scaling challenges that are inherent in the first generation of blockchains.

In Hyperledger community there are the below projects : Hyperledger frameworks (Iroha, Sawtooth, Fabric, Indy, and Burrow) and modules (Cello, Explorer, and Composer)

Hyperledger as an operating system for marketplaces, data sharing networks, microcurrencies, and decentralized digital communities.

Hyperledger business blockchain frameworks are used to build enterprise blockchains for a consortium of organizations. They are different than public ledgers like the Bitcoin blockchain and Ethereum. The Hyperledger frameworks include:

• An append-only distributed ledger
• A consensus algorithm for agreeing to changes in the ledger
• Privacy of transactions through permissioned access
• Smart contracts to process transaction requests.

Hyperledger Iroha is a blockchain framework contributed by Soramitsu, Hitachi, NTT Data, and Colu. Hyperledger Iroha is designed to be simple and easy to incorporate into infrastructure projects requiring distributed ledger technology. Hyperledger Iroha emphasizes mobile application development with client libraries for Android and iOS, making it distinct from other Hyperledger frameworks. Inspired by Hyperledger Fabric, Hyperledger Iroha seeks to complement Hyperledger Fabric and Hyperledger Sawtooth, while providing a development environment for C++ developers to contribute to Hyperledger.

In conclusion, Hyperledger Iroha features a simple construction, modern, domain-driven C++ design, along with the consensus algorithm YAC (Yet Another Consensus).

The Internet of Things ties the physical world to the digital world.

Hyperledger Sawtooth, contributed by Intel, is a blockchain framework that utilizes a modular platform for building, deploying, and running distributed ledgers. Distributed ledger solutions built with Hyperledger Sawtooth can utilize various consensus algorithms based on the size of the network. By default, it uses the Proof of Elapsed Time (PoET) consensus algorithm, which provides the scalability of the Bitcoin blockchain without the high energy consumption. PoET allows for a highly scalable network of validator nodes. Hyperledger Sawtooth is designed for versatility, with support for both permissioned and permissionless deployments.

Hyperledger Fabric was the first proposal for a codebase, combining previous work done by Digital Asset Holdings, Blockstream's libconsensus, and IBM's OpenBlockchain. Hyperledger Fabric provides a modular architecture, which allows components such as consensus and membership services to be plug-and-play. Hyperledger Fabric is revolutionary in allowing entities to conduct confidential transactions without passing information through a central authority. This is accomplished through different channels that run within the network, as well as the division of labor that characterizes the different nodes within the network. Lastly, it is important to remember that, unlike Bitcoin, which is a public chain, Hyperledger Fabric supports permissioned deployments.

Hyperledger Indy is a distributed ledger purpose-built for decentralized identity. Contributed by the Sovrin Foundation, Hyperledger Indy allows individuals to manage and control their digital identities. Rather than having businesses store huge amounts of personal data of individuals, Hyperledger Indy allows businesses to store pointers to identity. Once the company verifies the other party's identity, it throws it away.

Hyperledger Burrow is a permissionable smart contract machine that provides a modular blockchain client with a permissioned smart contract interpreter built- in part to the specification of the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). It is the only available Apache-licensed EVM implementation.

Following are the major components of Burrow:

• The Gateway provides interfaces for systems integration and user interfaces
• The Smart contract application engine facilitates integration of complex business logic
• The Consensus Engine serves the dual purpose of: 
  a. Maintaining the networking stack between the nodes, and,
  b. Ordering transactions
• The Application Blockchain Interface (ABCI) provides interface specification for the consensus engine and smart contract application engine to connect.

Tools for Developers

• Hyperledger Cello

• Hyperledger Explorer

• Hyperledger Composer

Composer allows developers to very quickly and easily model out the key components of their business use case, in a way that both business and technical teams can align around, to create APIs that make developing applications very simple. Not only does it make it easy to create applications for blockchain, but it also makes frontend and full stack developers that have Javascript skills into blockchain developers.

Hyperledger Composer has created a modelling language that allows you to define the assets, participants, and transactions that make up your business network using business vocabulary. In addition, the transaction logic is then written by developers using Javascript. This simple interface allows business people and technologists to work together on defining their business network.